The number of hungry people in the world decreased by 1.25 million in 2023, but still exceeds 730 million. Hunger is spreading, especially in Africa, where more than a third of hungry people live. The paradox is that some countries with starving residents are economically successful. For example, Egypt is the third most populous country on the African continent. Morocco is the fourth largest economy on the continent and the 11th most populous (more than 37 million residents). In other words, these two countries are leaders in terms of GDP per capita.

The lack of full food security prompts an increasing number of countries to boost food imports. Iraq has to import more food due to the growing deficit of water and land under the influence of climate and environmental challenge.

Agriculture is evolving into a key factor in international relations, the foundation of food security and famine relief. We hope that reviews of this kind will allow readers to become familiar with the objective situation in the sphere of agriculture in the countries of the Global South.